Quinte Baseball Umpires

                                                                                                                                                              

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Essential Signals for the Players and Fans

The umpire's right hand signals play, strike, out, fair ball - "the ball's alive", and on the rarest of occasions "infield fly" and hopefully even rarer, an ejection.

The left hand does everything else including awarding bases, controlling the pitcher and holding the indicator and removing and holding the mask.

Remembers that with consistent signals, everyone, coaches, players and fans will be clear about your intentions.

Also remember to take your time. If the pitch is a strike or the runner is out, the call will be the same 3 seconds later. This ensures, that the ball is caught by the catcher or the fielder. This also helps you look like you know what you are doing.

Remember, Read the play, Pause, React to what you see.

 

Play
Along with strike and ball, this is the one call the plate umpire will make most often during a game. Pointing at the pitcher (or the plate) with the right hand and calling "play.

The "Play" signal/call is very important for your partner's too! They must know the exact moment the ball becomes alive. If they don't, they will not be able to respond correctly in situations where the pitcher makes a pickoff attempt or drops the ball while standing on the rubber. 

 

Strike
Always signalled with the right hand. The preferred method it to stand tall , announce "Strike One", then signal with the bang-the-door clenched fist. You should do so facing forward. One essential element is not to turn away from the pitch. You should always use the "Read, Pause, React" before making the call.

On a non-swinging strike, YOU SHOULD ALWAYS VERBALIZE the call and indicate your call with a raised right arm and with a clenched fist. Also indicate the number of the strike. Example "Strike One"

 
On a swinging strike, YOU SHOULD NEVER VERBALIZE the call but rather indicate your call with a raised right arm and with a clenched fist.

The exception to the NOT VERBALIZING is on a third strike; the plate umpire again raises his right arm and says "Strike Three" firmly but does not "sell the call.

Never say "Strike Three, Your Out" If the catcher drops the ball, the batter is not out until tagged or put out at first base. This is unless first base is occupied and there are less than 2 out.

 

Ball
Never signaled with hand gestures. Stay down in your stance, then with a  verbal signal "Ball One" loud enough that both dugouts can hear it. Calling "Ball One," "Ball Two," etc. allows you to maintain the rhythm of your calls.

Never indicate why a pitch was a ball, for example: "High, Ball One"

"Ball Four" is announced clearly. You should NEVER point to first base. Just say "BALL FOUR".

The hand gesture towards first base could be seen as a Strike Call. Professional umpires never point to first.

 

Time
Raising both hands into the air and announcing in a loud voice "TIME!" All umpires on the field will immediately echo the time call.  Once time is called every effort must be made by all umpires to stop the action taking place.

Umpires learn that there are many moments when time is out, and it has not been called. This is normal in the course of a game as the umpires change their field positions, players repair equipment, clean off the plate, or hundreds of other reasons. It may be the a simple lifting of the hands communication between crew members, or the plate umpire holding the stop hand up.

 

The Count
Balls are always signaled using the left hand. Strikes are always signaled using the right hand.

Both hands extend to shoulder level at the same moment. A full count is always signalled as "three balls, two strikes" and never signalled using clenched fists.

The count is relayed back to the pitcher after every pitch and a verbal report is made usually after the third and fifth pitch.

The count is always read aloud as "two balls, two strikes" and not "two and two" or "twenty-two" or other similar variation.

 

Safe
Both arms are raised together, to shoulder level, in front of the umpire and then a sweeping motion is performed out, parallel to the ground, palms down. The verbal call of "safe" may be made. To complete the call you normally return to the set position. To sell a safe call you might consider doing it two or three times in rapid succession. It is not always necessary to even make the sign or call. If the play is obvious do nothing.

 

Out
The clenched right fist and a short hammered motion seem to be favoured by most umpires. Again, personal style is acceptable as long as it does not distract you from seeing any further plays taking place. Check that the fielder is really in possession of the ball. The signal can be made with only a gesture or can be sold with a loud call of "He's Out!" or "She's Out!" Signal every out.

 

Uncaught Third Strike
Where this call is made the base umpire is often in a better position to relay the possession or trapping of the ball to the plate umpire.

Signaling, a small discreet "out" means the ball was caught. Pointing to the ground with your right hand can mean the ball was trapped or not caught.

This is crew dependent and should be discussed before the game.

 

Tag Play
Point at the runner with the left hand, signal the out with the right hand. Complete the sign by saying "On the tag, he's out!" if you want to sell the call.

A "selling it" call that occurs when a runner slides under the tag or the tag is high. You can save some grief by indicating a loud "Safe, he missed the tag!" and following it with a tapping motion where the tag was. Everyone will know you saw the tag and most will assume the runner had the bag before it.

 

Fair Ball
The right hand points into the field in fair territory. There is no call "Fair" anything ever made.

 

Foul Ball
The same signal as "Time" but the call becomes "Foul." Umpires often add a point into foul territory with one hand after giving the time signal. Once verbalized, this call sticks.
 
Dead Ball

The base umpire needs to pay specific attention to a ball hitting the batter in the batter's box. If the batter has not moved the base umpire will immediately call "Dead Ball".

If the batter is in motion the base umpire must delay to see if the plate umpire is going to make a call. Only if the plate umpire is silent, and the base umpire is certain the batter contacted the ball outside of the batter's box would the base umpire signal "Time, that's interference, the batter is out!" otherwise the call is "Dead Ball".

 

No Pitch
The same signal as "Time" but the call becomes "No Pitch." If you are the plate umpire, step away from the plate.

 

The Run Counts
Here there are two schools of thought. Often you will see an umpires point at the plate each time a run crosses the plate legally. Scorers often key on this gesture (as well as catchers!) This is important on the "time-play" or a "third-out" situation. It can also be important on a force play.

The other side of this is to make no gesture. If you gesture a run scores, then do not or forget to gesture, this will lead to confusion for the defense. If you are going to do it, be consistent.

 

The Run Does Not Count
Signal and announce when the runner does not score so that the scorer and coaches maintain accurate records. The signal, done by the plate umpire, begins by forming an 'X' with the arms in front of the body then sweeping the arms out to the "time" position. The gesture is repeated and the call "The runner does not score!" is made.

 

Advanced Signs

Check Swing Strike
First point at the batter with the hand closest to the batter then verbalize "Yes he did - Strike One". At the same time signal the strike with your right hand.

 

Appealed Strike
The plate umpire does not have to be asked for help, he can simply request it himself. Experienced catchers will immediately ask you to get help from the base umpire after a check swing which you called a ball.

 A request should never be refused. The argument on the refusal will take longer then the appeal.

Step away from the plate, remove your mask. With your left arm point to the base umpire and ask "Did he go?" If the answer is yes the base umpire signals - Strike while saying "Yes, he did!" If the answer is no - a Safe sign with "No, he did not go!"

The plate umpire will update the count, and announce it to all.

 
Foul Tip
A two part signal. Extend you left arm up, in front of your body, palm down, to at least shoulder level. Brush the fingers of the right hand over the back of the left hand two or three times. The signal is completed by signalling the strike with the right hand. Because the ball is alive and runners can advance never say "Foul Tip." Announcing "foul" anything could stop the action.

 

Infield Fly
All umpires point into the air with their right hand. The plate umpire will usually announce the verbal portions of the signal, echoed by the other umpires.

 

Home Run
First, the ball is dead. Make sure any unnecessary action is killed, particularly if the ball has rebounded back into the field. The signal for a home run is circling the right arm and index finger overhead.
 
 
Ground Rule Double
First, the ball is dead.  The ground rule double is awarded by signaling "two bases" with two fingers held up usually on the left hand. All runners advance two bases from their last legally occupied base prior to the start of the pitch.
 

 

Awarding Bases
Using the left hand point clearly at the runner and state "You, second base" or "You, third base", "You, score!" whatever the case may be. The runner is protected all the way to the base but not one inch beyond it. Always move the runner closest to home first.

 

Balk
Balks must be called with reference to the action. Remember, if the pitcher completes the delivery of the ball, or throws to a base, you are in a delayed balk situation. Plays that happen like base hits or stolen bases are legal plays. If the result of such plays are equal or greater than the balk penalty, the penalty will not be applied.

The sequence of arriving at that signal is, point at the pitcher, arm at shoulder height, and say "That's a balk" .... now if the pitcher hesitates in his delivery call "Time ... that's a balk" and award the bases "You, second base" etc. Pointing at the pitcher will allow sufficient time to determine a delayed balk call situation.

 

Interference
An immediate decision is needed, Point at the offensive player and make the call "That's Interference" followed by your decision on whether or not the ball is dead, announced with a loud gestured "Time" or (...nothing...) meaning a delayed dead ball. If the ball remains alive avoid any signal that looks or sounds like "Time" until the appropriate moment. If the ball is dead call "Time" immediately and shut down any remaining play on the field.

 

Obstruction
This call is like interference except the ball may remain alive. In all cases the call "That's Obstruction" is made while pointing at the defensive player making the obstruction.

If a play is being made on the obstructed runner the ball is dead. Immediately signal "Time". This is followed by an awarding of a base or bases either after play has stopped or even while play remains ongoing.

Unless a play was being made on the obstructed runner the ball remains alive.

 

Catch or No Catch
When signalled the "catch" resembles the "out" signal. No verbal indication needs to be given. The "no-catch" signal resembles the "safe" signal except the call of "No Catch" is clearly given. Sometimes it will be necessary to repeat this sign several times. An addition to the "No Catch" is the juggling routine which indicates the fielder did not have possession.

Juggle hand signal when the fielder is on the base for the force out but not in full possession of the ball.

Some umpires give the safe signal and then point to the ground several times saying "on the ground, on the ground" when the ball is dropped. The terms "Catch" and "No Catch" could be mixed up over the crowd noise.

The verbal call needs only to be given on a trouble ball, for example: a ball caught diving or below the fielder's knees. Routine fly's can be signalled or not signalled depending on umpire. If a ball is on the foul lines first signal whether the ball is fair or foul, then the catch or no-catch status if desired.

 

Signs for the Umpire Crew

How many are out?
There are two signs for making this request: 1) a cutting motion made across the throat or 2) tapping the right pant leg with a closed right fist.

Responses

1) The number of outs are relayed by hold the appropriate number of fingers, pointing down, pressed against the right leg or

2) touching the brim of the hat with the appropriate number of fingers (or a clenched fist if no one is out.) A plate umpire often signals the number of outs by touching the side of the mask with a closed fist (0 out), one finger (1 out) or two fingers (2 out) extended.

 

What's the count?
A quick tapping on the top of head or on the brim of the hat indicates confirmation of the count being requested. An alternative sign is placing the palms of both hands horizontally on the umpire's chest.

Response is made by holding the number of balls in the left hand and the number of strikes in the right hand. These are held pressed against the shirt just above the belt. The responding umpire also calls the count aloud.

 

Infield Fly Situation
A standard signal is to tap your left shoulder with your right palm indicating that the infield fly could be called. What is important is that play does not resume until all umpires are aware of the pending situation.

 

Time Play
Indicate to partner with right arm extended toward him with two finger indicating two outs and then a sharp point to the plate. This indicates that there is a possible time play and I am staying at home plate for a possible time play. This is echoed back by the other umpire.

Another sign flashed around many diamonds is a warning to be alert for a potential "two-out" time play situation. The plate umpire simply taps the back of his wrist where he would normally wear a watch.

 

Help
As soon as a manager leaves the dugout good umpires will move towards the umpire being addressed. If the discussion goes beyond a few pleasant words they will move in very close. If that umpire places two hand on his waist, particularly if he pumps them another umpire will step in between the umpire and manager. This request for intervention allows the umpire to immediately walk away from the area. As the intervening umpire there is only one objective, calmly say to the coach "OK coach, let's get back to playing baseball, the discussion is over, lets get back to the game." Under no circumstances will the intervening umpire discuss the play or become involved in any rules discussion.